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THE Chilling story of NAGABHATA

 This is the 4th. story in the series of -"The 500-Year Stall: A Legacy Betrayed'.

The desert wind whipped around Nagabhata I, stinging his eyes and carrying the scent of sand and distant smoke. He stood on a crest overlooking the sprawling valley, his gaze fixed on the approaching dust cloud that signified the Arab army. For weeks, Junaid ibn Abd al-Rahman's forces had carved a path of destruction through the fringes of Bharatvarsha, their banners proclaiming the might of the Caliphate. Temples desecrated, cities plundered – the tales of their brutality reached even the remote corners of Nagabhata's kingdom.

Nagabhata, a warrior forged in the crucible of constant conflict, felt a cold fury settle within him. He was not merely a king defending his territory; he was a guardian of Dharma, a protector of the ancient traditions of Al-Hind. He had watched the Arabs sweep across Persia, their faith a sword and their ambition boundless. He knew that if they succeeded here, the heart of India would be broken.

He adjusted the strap of his bow, the wood smooth and familiar beneath his calloused fingers. Beside him stood Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin, the Chalukya ruler, his armor gleaming in the harsh sunlight. Their alliance, forged in defiance of the common enemy, was India's best hope.

"They come, Rajan," Pulakeshin said, his voice steady. "Their arrogance blinds them."

Nagabhata nodded grimly. "Let them be blinded further by the heat of the Rajasthani sun."

For months, Nagabhata had prepared for this moment. He had studied the Arab tactics, their reliance on swift cavalry, their aversion to prolonged sieges. He knew he couldn't match them in an open field. Instead, he would use the land itself as his weapon.

He had ordered his scouts to lure the Arabs deeper into the arid heartland, away from the lush river valleys, towards the treacherous dunes and the hidden ravines known only to the local Rajput warriors. He had sent emissaries to the desert tribes, securing their support and their intimate knowledge of the terrain. He had even poisoned the wells, turning the life-giving water into a vessel of death.

As the Arab army advanced into the valley, they found no resistance. Junaid, impatient and eager for a swift victory, pressed his men onward, dismissing the warnings of his advisors. He saw only the promise of riches and the glory of conquest. He underestimated the cunning of the Hindu king and the unforgiving nature of the land.

The battle began not with a clash of steel, but with a silent, deadly rain. From the hidden crevices of the surrounding hills, Rajput archers unleashed a volley of arrows, finding their marks with chilling accuracy. The Arab cavalry, caught off guard and bunched together, became easy targets. Horses screamed and plummeted to the ground, throwing their riders into the dust.

Chaos erupted. The disciplined ranks of the Arab army dissolved into a panicked frenzy. The Chalukya cavalry, emerging from the west, slammed into the flank of the bewildered enemy, scattering them like frightened sheep.

Nagabhata, at the head of his personal guard, charged into the fray. His sword, blessed by the priests of Eklingji, sang through the air, cleaving through armor and bone. He fought with the ferocity of a cornered lion, his battle cries echoing through the valley.

The desert warriors, masters of guerilla warfare, swarmed the Arabs, appearing and disappearing like phantoms in the swirling sand. They harassed the invaders, cutting off their supply lines, ambushing their patrols, and poisoning their water. The Arabs, exhausted, thirsty, and demoralized, found themselves fighting a losing battle against an invisible enemy.

The sun beat down mercilessly, baking the desert floor and turning the valley into a furnace. The air was thick with the stench of blood, sweat, and fear. The cries of the wounded mingled with the clash of steel and the thunder of hooves.

As the day wore on, the tide of battle turned decisively in favor of the Hindu forces. The Arab army, trapped and surrounded, was systematically annihilated. Junaid ibn Abd al-Rahman, witnessing the collapse of his grand ambition, fought with desperate fury, but even his courage could not stem the inevitable. He managed to break through the encirclement with a handful of his guard, fleeing back towards Sindh, a broken man.

The afterglow of victory illuminated Nagabhata's face as he surveyed the battlefield. The desert was littered with the bodies of the fallen, a testament to the brutal cost of freedom. But in his heart, he knew that the price had been worth paying.

The news of Nagabhata's victory spread like wildfire across India, igniting a flame of hope and resistance. The Hindu kings, emboldened by his success, united against the common enemy. For nearly a century, the Arabs dared not invade again, their ambitions checked by the resilience of the Indian people.

Nagabhata I, the Rajput king who had turned the deserts of Rajasthan into a graveyard for the Caliphate's dreams, became a legend. He had not only saved his kingdom but had secured the future of Bharatvarsha. His name would be spoken with reverence for generations to come, a symbol of courage, strategy, and unwavering devotion to his land. He had shown the world that even the mightiest empire could be defeated by a determined people defending their way of life.

Epilogue :

Nagabhata 1: The Pratihara king who became the nemesis of Arabs and protected the Indian subcontinent against invaders.
The kingdom of Gurjara Pratihara is believed to be founded by Harichandra on the land of Rajputana during the 6th or 7th century.
Nagabhata 1 And His Times :
It is also believed that the same branch of these people founded another dynasty later in the 8th century by Nagabhata 1 probably at Avanti and elsewhere. Its rulers in the late inscriptions were called Gurjaresvaras. It was under the reign of the great Nagabhata 1 the Pratiharas reach their prominence.
Pratiharas were descendants of Lakshamana of the solar race of the great epic, the Ramayana. The southern branch of this empire was in the Lata region (present-day south of Gujarat).
The kingdom of Pratiharas is mostly remembered for routing the Arab invaders. The king who stops the advance of these Arab hordes was Nagabhata 1. It was here i.e. in India where the Arabs met serious resistance.
The date of Nagabhata 1 reign is believed that he might have ascended the throne in 730 CE and ruled till 756 CE. Also, this was the time when the Sindh was captured by the Arabs (in 712 CE) under the leadership of Mohammad bin Kassim. The king ruled the present-day region of Avanti from his capital Ujjain.
The kingdom of Nagabhata 1 includes modern-day Bharuch, Malwa, and Gwalior.
So it is strongly believed that about this time when the Arabs decided to advance deep into the Indian subcontinent they met a gallant resistance from Nagabhata 1.
Encounter with Arabs
After the fall of Sindh 712 CE as we had covered in our previous article, the Arabs now decided to penetrate deep into the Indian subcontinent.
In the year 725 CE, the Arabian hordes under their powerful governor of Sindh Emir Junaid followed their Caliph (Caliphs Hasham of Baghdad) orders to conquer the Indian subcontinent. The Arabs captured Saurashtra, Bhillamala.
Also these Arab (the lieutenants of Junaid) reached as far as Ujjain ransacking parts of Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Broach, and Malwa.
Some sources refer to the actual date of this heroic engagement around 738 CE. When the Arabian hordes penetrated as far as Ujjain it is believed that they suffered from the unavailability of supplies.
The unsung hero assembled an army of neighboring allied Kshatriyas namely Chahamans, Guhils, Paramaras, and Chalukyas. Emir Junaid marched with an army of around 50,000 when the news of this alliance reached him. One point that should be noted is that the Arabs always had an advantage over the Indians because of their cavalry.
Nagabhata 1 assembled an army of about 40,000 strong mainly cavalry and infantry. It is believed that this battle was fought along the borders of modern-day Sindh and Rajasthan.
The military superiority of the Arabs fell in front of the vehement cavalry charge of the Indians. The plan of the Arabs to break the central wing of the Indian forces backfired.
The infantry and cavalry of the united Indian forces started to rout the invaders. In this engagement, the leader of the Arabs i.e. Junaid was killed and after his death, the leaderless Arabs decided to retreat from the battlefield.
Aftermath :
The Arab chronicles describe Nagabhata 1 as the ruler of Jurz who repulsed their advance into the Indian heartland. It is also believed that after this defeat the successor of Junaid i.e. Tamim was also forced to give up their territories.
But this didn’t happen as in the Deccan region another powerful dynasty that was known as The Rashtrakutas rose to power. Dantidurga (reign from 733 CE-758CE) the Rashtrakuta king defeated the Pratihara king i.e. Nagabhata 1 and ended the dream of the latter to establish his supremacy over northern India.
But still, the triumph of Nagabhata 1 over Arabs and even after the set back from the great Dantidurga the Pratihara empire shielded the Indian sub-continent for centuries. The successor of Nagabhata 1 i.e. Vatsraja, Nagabhata 2, and the Great Bhoja also defeated the Arabs and continued the legacy of Nagabhata 1.

According to Suleiman an Arab chronicler mention that the Arab forces scattered like hay by the hoofs of the horsed of the Gurjar king and described Nagabhata 1 as the biggest enemy of Arabs.



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