National Family Health Survey 5 (20-21)

Vital Stats

National Family Health Survey 5

Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya released the National Report of the fifth round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) in the presence of Shri Bhupendrabhai Patel, Chief Minister of Gujarat and Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar, Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, at the 'Swasthya Chintan Shivir' being held at Vadodara, Gujarat ON 5Th.May-2022. 

 The NFHS-5 survey work has been conducted in around 6.37 lakh sample households from 707 districts  of the country from 28 States and 8 UTs, covering 7,24,115 women and 1,01,839 men to provide dis-aggregated estimates up to district level. 

The national report also provides data by socio-economic and other background characteristics; useful for policy formulation and effective programme implementation.

indicators related to: (i) population, (ii) health and nutrition, (iii) access to infrastructure, and (iv) gender.

The scope of NFHS-5 is expanded in respect of earlier round of the survey (NFHS-4) by adding new dimensions such as death registration, pre-school education, expanded domains of child immunization, components of micro-nutrients to children, menstrual hygiene, frequency of alcohol and tobacco use, additional components of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), expanded age range for measuring hypertension and diabetes among all aged 15 years and above, which will give requisite inputs for monitoring and strengthening existing programmes and evolving new strategies for policy intervention. Thus, NFHS-5 provides information on important indicators which are helpful in tracking the progress of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the country.

The key indicators elicited in NFHS-5 :

1. Use of Family Planning methods (in %)
2.  Total Fertility Rate across states
3.  Sex ratio at birth for children born in the last five years.
4. Institutional births (in %) and out of pocket expenditure on a delivery in public health facilities.
5.  Infant Mortality Rate across states.
6. Proportion of children below five years who are stunted (low height for age).
7. Proportion of children below five years who are severely wasted (low weight for height).
8. Obesity amongst adults between 15-49 years of age (in %).
9. Proportion of households with an improved sanitation facility.
10. Proportion of women who own a mobile phone that they use themselves.
11. Men and women who have used internet (in %).
12. Proportion of women with savings or bank account.
13. proportion of women owning a house or land.
14. Proportion of women using hygienic methods of protection during menstrual period.
15. Proportion of women who have ever faced spousal violence.

The inference of the survey:

• NFHS-5 shows an overall improvement in SDG indicators in all States/UTs.
• The Total Fertility Rates (TFR), an average number of children per women, has further declined from 2.2 to 2.0 at the national level between NFHS-4 & 5. 
• Between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5, the use of clean cooking fuel (44% to 59%) and improved sanitation facilities (49% to 70%), including a hand-washing facility with soap and water (60% to 78%) have improved considerably.
• Institutional Births have increased substantially from 79 percent to 89 percent in India. Even in rural areas around 87 percent births are delivered in Institutions and same is 94 percent in urban areas.
• In NFHS-5, more than three-fourths (77%) children age 12-23 months were fully immunized, compared with 62 percent in NFHS-4

Comparison between 2013 &2021:

Name of the Indicators	Year 2013-14 (as on 31st March 2014)	Year 2020-21 (as on 31st March 2021)	%age Growth of 2020-21 w.r.t 2013-14
No. of SCs	152326	157819	3.6
No. of PHCs	25020	30579	22.2
No. of CHCs	5363	5951	11.0
No. of SDH	1024	1224	19.5
No. of DH	755	764	1.2
HW (F)/ANM at SCs & PHCs	217780	235757	8.3
Doctor at PHCs	27335	38525	40.9
Total Specialist at CHCs	4091	5760	40.8
Radiographer at CHCs	2189	2746	25.4
Pharmacist at PHCs & CHCs	22689	33857	49.2
Lab Tech at PHCs & CHCs	16679	27733	66.3
Nursing Staff at PHCs & CHCs	63938	94007	47.0

 

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The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India has launched a number of flagship programmes, such as Ayushman Bharat, Poshan Abhiyan etc., to improve the health of the Indian population in general and the vulnerable and deprived sections of the population in particular. Moreover, India is also moving towards the direct bank transfer of benefits to the beneficiaries of its various programmes. In addition, India has committed to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The MoHFW is constantly monitoring the SDG related health goals. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, a number of new challenges related to health system have been emerged in the country.